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Texas ESA Program Guide

Texas Education Freedom Accounts for Children with Disabilities

Texas created Education Freedom Accounts (TEFA) in 2025, giving families with special needs children up to $30,000 per year for private school, therapies, tutoring, and other approved educational expenses. Children with disabilities receive top priority in the funding lottery. Here is what every Texas family needs to know.

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What is the Texas ESA program for special needs families?

The Texas Education Freedom Account (TEFA) program is a state Education Savings Account created by Senate Bill 2 during the 89th Texas Legislature (2025). It gives families who opt out of public school an account they can use to pay for approved educational expenses, including private school tuition, tutoring, and educational therapies. For children with disabilities who have an Individualized Education Program (IEP) on file with the Texas Education Agency, the annual award is up to $30,000, nearly three times the standard amount. These children also receive the highest priority in the funding lottery.

Official TEFA site: educationfreedom.texas.gov → Join the 2027-28 interest list →

2026-27 applications are closed. More than 100,000 students have been awarded.

The application window for the 2026-27 school year ran February 4 through March 31, 2026. If you missed it, sign up for the 2027-28 interest list at the official program site so you receive the next opening notification. Accepted families automatically continue each year without reapplying.

The disability advantage: up to $30,000 and the highest lottery priority

TEFA is structured to favor families with the greatest educational needs. Children with disabilities receive both a larger award and a higher position in the priority queue than any other applicant group. This makes the program especially important for Texas families whose children are enrolled in private special needs schools or who need therapeutic services beyond what public school provides.

Demand far outstripped supply in the first year. More than 274,000 students applied for a program initially sized near 90,000 funded seats, so the lottery decided who was accepted (Texas Comptroller). That oversubscription is exactly why the disability tier's spot at the top of the priority order matters so much.

$30,000

Students with disabilities + IEP

Children with an IEP on file with the Texas Education Agency at the time of application may receive up to $30,000 per year, based on what the local school district would have received to fund their IEP services.

$10,474

Standard private school students

Children without a qualifying disability who attend an approved private school receive 85% of the statewide average per-pupil funding, set at $10,474 for 2026-27.

$2,000

Homeschool students

Families who homeschool or use a non-accredited microschool or learning pod receive up to $2,000 per year for approved curriculum, assessments, tutoring, and other expenses.

Horizontal bar chart comparing Texas Education Freedom Account annual awards: IEP or disability students receive up to $30,000, standard private school students receive $10,474, and homeschool students receive $2,000. Source: Texas Comptroller, SB 2 (89th Legislature), 2026-27.

Priority order in the funding lottery

When demand exceeds available funding, the Texas Comptroller awards accounts in this order. Special needs families are at the top:

  1. 1

    Children with disabilities in households at or below 500% of the federal poverty level

    For a family of four, 500% FPL is roughly $240,000 or less in annual income. Most special needs families qualify at this tier.

  2. 2

    Children in households at or below 200% FPL (roughly $60,000 for a family of four)

  3. 3

    Children between 200% and 500% FPL (roughly $60,000 to $240,000 for a family of four)

  4. 4

    Children above 500% FPL (capped at 20% of total program funds)

Source: Texas Education Freedom Accounts: official program site

Four numbered stat cards showing Texas TEFA lottery priority order: Priority 1 is children with disabilities at or below 500 percent federal poverty level, Priority 2 is families at or below 200 percent FPL, Priority 3 is families between 200 and 500 percent FPL, and Priority 4 is families above 500 percent FPL capped at 20 percent of funds. Source: Texas Education Freedom Accounts program rules, SB 2 2025.

IEP vs. proof-of-disability form: To qualify for the higher $30,000 award, your child's IEP must be on file with the Texas Education Agency at the time the application window closes. Children who submit a program-approved proof-of-disability form (without an IEP) also receive disability-tier priority but are eligible only for the standard $10,474 award, not the enhanced amount. If your child has an IEP in your school district, confirm it is also on file with TEA before you apply.

Who qualifies for a Texas Education Freedom Account

Eligibility is broad but has specific requirements. The child must meet all of the following:

Required qualifications

  • U.S. citizen or lawfully present in the United States
  • Texas resident (parent must also be a Texas resident)
  • Eligible to attend a Texas public school or public pre-K program
  • NOT enrolled full-time in a Texas public or open-enrollment charter school while using TEFA funds

Pre-K eligibility (narrower)

  • Pre-K applicants must meet the same eligibility criteria as free public pre-K
  • Child must turn 3 before September 1 of the program year
  • Must fall into at least one qualifying category: economically disadvantaged, limited English, homeless, military family, DFPS conservatorship, or similar

Common reasons for ineligibility

  • Could not confirm annual household income (requires Form 1040 federal tax return for 2024 or 2025; pay stubs and W-2s are not accepted)
  • Could not confirm citizenship or Texas residency
  • Pre-K applicant did not meet state pre-K eligibility criteria
  • Application was incomplete

Once accepted

Accepted families remain in the program automatically as long as they stay in good standing. No reapplication is needed each year. Siblings of accepted children who apply during the same application period are also accepted.

What Texas Education Freedom Account funds can pay for

All purchases must be made through the Odyssey marketplace, the state-approved payment platform. Families cannot withdraw funds as cash or seek reimbursements. Purchases go directly to approved providers and vendors. For special needs families, the most relevant approved expense categories are:

Covered for special needs students
  • Private special needs school tuition (accredited, TEA-approved)
  • Educational therapies including speech-language therapy and occupational therapy
  • Tutoring and academic coaching from approved providers
  • Specialized curriculum and instructional materials
  • Educational assessments and evaluations
  • Online learning programs from approved vendors
  • Educational technology (capped at 10% of annual award)
  • Career and technical education (CTE) programs
Not covered
  • Cash withdrawals or direct reimbursements to parents
  • Purchases from vendors not approved in the Odyssey marketplace
  • Services delivered by providers who have not passed state background checks
  • Tuition at private schools that are not TEA-accredited and TEFA-approved
  • Medical treatments (TEFA is an educational program, not health insurance)
  • Public or charter school fees (child cannot be enrolled in public school during TEFA year)

The full list of approved vendors and services is maintained in the Odyssey marketplace. Before enrolling with any provider, confirm they appear in the marketplace. New providers are added on a rolling basis. Odyssey support center →

Does TEFA cover ABA therapy?

This is the question most autism families ask first. The short answer is: educational and behavioral therapies are included in the approved expense categories, and ABA providers can apply for approval in the Odyssey marketplace, but you must verify that a specific ABA provider is approved before enrolling.

Therapies are an approved TEFA expense

The official TEFA rules include "therapies" as an approved educational expense alongside tutoring, instructional materials, and private school tuition. Speech-language therapy and occupational therapy are explicitly named. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a behavioral and educational intervention for autism that may qualify under the same category, provided the ABA provider has registered with the Odyssey marketplace and passed the required background checks and licensure review.

Verify your specific ABA provider in the Odyssey marketplace before enrolling

TEFA funds can only be spent with providers who are approved and listed in the Odyssey marketplace. Not every ABA provider in Texas has applied for or received marketplace approval. Before committing to a provider, confirm they appear in the marketplace and that the specific services (ABA evaluation, discrete trial training, parent training, etc.) are listed as approved line items.

Contact Odyssey support directly if you need help confirming coverage for a specific provider or service type. Odyssey support center →

TEFA does not replace STAR Kids Medicaid for ABA

Texas Medicaid added ABA as a covered benefit in February 2022. If your child is enrolled in STAR Kids Medicaid, they can access ABA through Medicaid regardless of TEFA. TEFA is an educational program and works alongside Medicaid, not instead of it. Families who hold both a TEFA account and STAR Kids Medicaid should coordinate carefully to avoid billing the same service twice.

Read the Texas ABA therapy and Medicaid guide

How to apply and the annual timeline

The 2026-27 application window has closed. The program follows a predictable annual cycle. Based on the 2026-27 schedule, here is what families can expect for future application years:

Dates can shift, so rely on the interest list. The 2026 application window was originally set to close March 17, 2026, but a federal court order extended the deadline to March 31, 2026 (Texas Comptroller). Treat the February-through-March timing below as the usual pattern, not a guarantee.

1

Interest list (now open)

Open year-round at educationfreedom.texas.gov

Sign up at the official TEFA site to receive notifications when the next application window opens. This is the only way to be sure you do not miss the deadline.

2

Application window

Approximately February through March

Applications open in early February and close in late March. You will need your child's IEP on file with TEA, Form 1040 federal tax return, and documentation of Texas residency and citizenship.

3

Award notifications

Approximately April-May

Funding and waitlist notifications are posted in each applicant's Odyssey portal. If demand exceeds funding, priority order determines who is accepted.

4

School enrollment confirmation

May-June

For private school students, parents indicate the school and the school confirms enrollment in the Odyssey system.

5

First funding deposit (25%)

July 1

Private school students receive the first 25% of their annual award on July 1. Homeschool students receive 100% at this point.

6

Second deposit (25%)

October 1

Private school students receive the second 25% of their award.

7

Final deposit (50%)

February 1 of the following year

Private school students receive the remaining 50% of the annual award.

Source: Texas Education Freedom Accounts: official program timeline

Using TEFA alongside STAR Kids Medicaid

TEFA and Texas Medicaid are separate programs and a child can hold both. The key distinction is what each program pays for. TEFA is an educational spending account. STAR Kids Medicaid covers medical and therapeutic services including ABA therapy. Where they can work together:

TEFA pays for

  • Private special needs school tuition
  • Curriculum and instructional materials
  • Tutoring from approved providers
  • Educational therapies from marketplace-approved providers
  • Assessments and educational technology

STAR Kids Medicaid pays for

  • ABA therapy (evaluation + treatment, added Feb 2022)
  • Medical appointments and prescriptions
  • Speech, OT, and PT through Medicaid providers
  • Long-term services and supports
  • Service coordination through a dedicated coordinator

A child who leaves public school to use TEFA does not lose STAR Kids Medicaid eligibility. TEFA enrollment is based on educational setting; Medicaid eligibility is based on income and disability status. Confirm with your MCO that your Medicaid coverage continues when your child changes schools.

How to prepare now for the 2027-28 application

The biggest mistake families make is not having the right documentation ready when the application window opens. It runs for roughly eight weeks in February and March. Use this checklist to get ready.

Before the application window opens
  • Get your child's IEP filed with the Texas Education Agency. This is required to qualify for the $30,000 disability award, not only lottery priority
  • If your child does not have an IEP, gather program-approved proof-of-disability documentation for priority placement
  • Confirm your child is NOT enrolled in a Texas public or charter school during the TEFA year
  • Sign up for the 2027-28 interest list at educationfreedom.texas.gov now so you receive the application opening notification
Choosing an approved school or provider
  • Confirm the private school is accredited by a TEA-recognized body and appears in the TEFA finder tool
  • Ask the school whether they administer the required annual assessment for grades 3-12
  • For therapies and services, verify the provider is registered in the Odyssey marketplace before enrolling
  • For ABA therapy specifically, contact Odyssey support to confirm it is approved under your child's account
Stacking TEFA with other programs
  • TEFA and STAR Kids Medicaid may be used together for different services. Confirm with your MCO what Medicaid still covers
  • TEFA does not replace Medicaid eligibility; a child can hold both
  • The Children's Autism Program (CAP) is a separate state program and is not part of TEFA
  • Confirm with your school and Odyssey which services are billed through TEFA vs. Medicaid to avoid double-billing

We can match your child with private special needs schools and ABA providers in Texas that are pursuing or have received Odyssey marketplace approval.

Frequently Asked Questions About Texas Education Freedom Accounts

How much does a child with autism or a disability receive from TEFA?
A child with a disability who has an IEP on file with the Texas Education Agency and is enrolled in an approved private school may receive up to $30,000 per year. The exact amount is based on the funding the local school district would have received to provide services under that child's IEP. A child who submits a proof-of-disability form but does not have an IEP on file with TEA receives disability-tier lottery priority but is limited to the standard $10,474 award.
Can TEFA funds be used for ABA therapy?
Educational and behavioral therapies are included in the TEFA approved expense categories. Whether a specific ABA provider can be paid through TEFA depends on whether that provider has applied for and received approval in the Odyssey marketplace. Confirm your ABA provider appears in the marketplace before you enroll, and contact Odyssey support if you need to verify a specific provider or service type. Separately, Texas STAR Kids Medicaid covers ABA therapy without any TEFA connection, so families should also explore Medicaid coverage if their child qualifies.
Does my child lose Medicaid if we use TEFA?
No. TEFA eligibility is based on educational setting; Medicaid eligibility is based on income, age, and disability status. Enrolling in TEFA does not affect STAR Kids Medicaid eligibility. However, since TEFA requires that a child not be enrolled in a Texas public or charter school, a child who was previously receiving school-based Medicaid services through the public school (under IDEA) would need to access those services through a Medicaid provider outside of school instead.
The 2026-27 window is closed. What can I do now?
Sign up for the 2027-28 interest list at the official TEFA site immediately. Then use the time before the next window to: get your child's IEP filed with TEA, identify accredited private special needs schools in Texas that are TEFA-approved, and gather your income documentation (Form 1040). Families who are well-prepared when the window opens have a significant advantage over those who scramble at the last minute.
Is TEFA a voucher program?
No. TEFA is an Education Savings Account, not a voucher. Under a voucher, the state sends money directly to a private school. Under TEFA, parents never handle the funds. All purchases are made through the state-supervised Odyssey marketplace directly to approved vendors. Families cannot redirect funds, withdraw cash, or use the account at unapproved providers.

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